Freedom from Pain, Injury or Disease - by prevention or rapid diagnosis and treatment. (Sect. Costs, benefits and ethics of animal welfare. Animal testing is a controversial subject, with supporters pointing out the medical advances that have stemmed from animal research and animal rights activists declaring it cruel and immoral. The other people would say that the most efficient way goes against the animal's welfare. Test. Section numbers are provided for reference. There is only one fundamental right: To live successfully, a man has to make his own choices as well as animals too (Roleff,2014,p.33). In a first of its kind, the Government has today published an action plan for animal welfare that will revolutionise the treatment of animals in the UK and . Animals play a role in the supply of food, is it acceptable for humans to starve and be malnourished because animals are off the menu? 3. 3.136 (c)). Animal cruelty legislation prohibits the most extreme, deliberate or willful forms of mistreatment of animals, imposing criminal sanctions for certain acts that constitute "cruelty to animals". A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. (a) "No dealer, exhibitor, broker, operator of an auction sale, carrier, or intermediate handler shall, for a period of one year, destroy or dispose of, without consent in writing of the Administrator, any books, records, documents, or other paper s required to be kept and maintained under this part." 4. There is a proviso that field studies as defined in Part 1 are exempt from this requirement. The requirements of the Animal Welfare Act are set forth under the Regulations and Standards in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). (3) Records of any exemptions must be maintained and made available to USDA officials upon request. Animal welfare has been a controversial subject in recent years. Some of the most obvious advantages of public welfare include a greater level of equality amongst citizens, happier people, and less crime. Many zoos also incorporate other . SECTION 1. The certification must include the requirements set forth in section 3.86 (c)(1)-(4). It is the only Federal law in the United States that regulates the treatment of animals in research, teaching, testing, exhibition, transport, and by dealers. law as well as criminal and human rights law. The certificate shall include at least the information required in section 3.136 (b)(1)-(4). It can fund other types of organizations that will help improve the world or resolve certain economic or social issues. "The primary enclosure shall not contain water which would be detrimental to the health of the marine mammal contained therein." 3.13 (c)). (c) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless the consignor certifies in writing to the carrier or intermediate handler that the dog or cat was offered food and water during the 4 hours before delivery to the carrier or intermediate handler. (e) All animals, except dogs and cats, shall be identified as indicated in section 2.50 (e) by each dealer or exhibitor. Typically, state and local laws govern thetreatmentof farmanimals. 3.60 (c)). Farmers can reduce their production costs since they don't have to spend a lot of money on chemicals and fertilizers. 3.136 (b)). Human health would not be improved without animals as test subjects. Many different animals are used in scientific studies such as rabbits, mice, primates, dogs, cats, pigs, and cows. Preventing animals suffering This means enforcement agencies and our inspectors can now act by advising and educating owners before their pets suffer. (a) (1) Each dealer and exhibitor, except auction sales and brokers, shall make and maintain records or forms that correctly disclose the information required in section 2.75 (a) for each dog or cat acquired, held, transported, or disposed of. The article explained that no experiment is prohibited, no matter how grievous or petty; that painkillers are never required; and when alternatives to animal test subjects are feasible, federal law does not require their use. a barrister for over 20 years, working in the field of animal. The Five Freedoms: Freedom from Hunger and Thirst - by ready access to fresh water and a diet to maintain full health and vigour. legislature pertaining to animal welfare in the UK. Inaccurate results. (g) Accompanying documents and records. Without it, they experience unnecessary stress which impacts your bottom line. (b) Any carrier or intermediate handler shall only accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live animal in a primary enclosure which conforms to the requirements set forth in section 3.137 of the standards:Provided, however,That any carrier or intermediate handler may accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live animal . if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate, signed by the consignor, stating that the primary enclosure complies with section 3.137 of the standards, unless such primary enclosure is obviously defective or damaged and it is apparent that it cannot reasonably be expected to contain the live animal without causing suffering or injury to such live animal. 3.13 (e)). (a) ". Consignors who are subject to Animal Welfare regulations (9 CFR parts 1, 2 and 3) must certify that each nonhuman primate was offered food and potable water within the 4 hours preceding delivery of the nonhuman primate to a carrier or intermediate handler for transportation in commerce, and must certify the date and time the food and potable water was offered, in accordance section 3.86 (c) of this subpart." The Animal Welfare Act was first first passed in 1876 in Britain and titled "the Cruelty to Animals Act of 1876". The domains of the most up-to-date Model described here are: 1 Nutrition, 2 Physical Environment, 3 Health, 4 Behavioural Interactions and 5 Mental State. We can assess motivation with high precision, determine environmental preferences of animals with sophisticated quantitative methods, and even determine moods and emotions (Briefer et al., 2015 ). The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) was signed into law on August 24, 1966. (Sect.2.75 (a)(1)-(4)). Social grouping is one of the most significant psychological factors in the lives of. Specific Purpose: By the end of my speech, the audience will know about the problem of conducting experiments on animals and the ethical issue of the cruel treatment of animals by the researchers. I believe that animal testing is beneficial because it provides opportunities to improve the lives of both humans and animals. 587 Words 3 Pages Good Essays Inaccurate Animal Testing Animal welfare By Dr. Rabie Hassan Fayed Prof. of Animal Management & Behaviour 2. introduction Science, Ethics and Law Welfare science considers effects of humans on the animal from the animal's point of view Welfare ethics considers human actions towards animals Welfare legislation considers how humans must treat animals 3. (b) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless they are provided with the name, address and telephone number of the consignee. Dealers and exhibitors must develop, document, and follow an appropriate plan for environment enhancement adequate to promote the psychological well-being of nonhuman primates. The Act also has an offense to remove the scent glands of skunks. The certification must be securely attached to the outside of the primary enclosure in a manner that makes it easily noticed and read. The applicant is to acknowledge receipt of the regulations and standards and agree to comply with them by signing the application form or the license will not be issued or renewed. The idea of difference is a human conception for mans own advantage Do you agree or disagree? Are places of entertainment appropriate for wild animals to live in it normally? Section numbers are provided for reference. Other laws, policies, and guidelines may include additional species coverage or specifications for animal care and use, but all refer to the Animal . (1) If, in the opinion of the attending veterinarian, it is inappropriate for certain dogs to exercise because of their health, condition, or well-being, the dealer or exhibitor may be exempted from meeting the requirements of this section for those dogs. "A licensee shall promptly notify the AC Regional Director by certified mail of any change in name, address, management, or substantial control or ownership of his business operation, or of any additional sites, within 10 days of any change." (a)(1) Any person who operates or wishes to operate as a dealer or exhibitor must have a valid license and must be at least 18 years old. They do not form part of the Act and have not been endorsed by Parliament. 3.81 (e)). Ithighlights the amendments to the Act over time and shares a brief summary of how the law changed with eachamendment. Should animals be treated like humans, then? All of these factors are expected to be made public in order to display a credible and successful scientific experiment (Kilkenny et al. (2) The animals remain under the total control and responsibility of the dealer or exhibitor. (b) A class "B" dealer shall identify all live dogs and cats as indicated in section 2.50 (b). The standards are set at the limit of what is achievable, in terms of animal husbandry and commercial viability, and aim to deliver improved animal welfare above and beyond 'standard' or typical UK production. Section 2.75 Records: Dealers and exhibitors. The advantage of animal research is that it puts no human lives at risk. The instructions must be attached in a manner that makes them easily noticed and read. While USDA considers the humane treatment of animals to be important, the USDA's regulatory authority does not extend to farm animals used for food, fiber, or other agricultural purposes. The plan, at a minimum, must comply with the conditions and requirements set forth in section 3.8 (a) (b) and (c). The system of patronage has very distinct advantages and disadvantages. (g) "A complete necropsy must be conducted by or under the direct supervision of a veterinarian on all marine mammals that die in captivity. Pros and Cons of an Animal ID System Proponents' Claimed Benefits Opponents' Claimed Criticisms Development of a National Animal ID System Species Coverage USDA's Involvement NAIS Business Plan NAIS User Guide NAIS Program Standards and Technical Reference NAIS Goals NAIS Program Implementation Step 1. New products and medications that could save people but are considered harmful until tested on certain subjects will never be used if animal testing is no longer allowed. Freedom from Discomfort - by providing an appropriate environment including shelter and a comfortable resting area. Most welfare programs are not designed to be a long-term income solution. Section 2.126 Access and inspection of records and property. 1. (Sect.3.81 (e)(3)). The plan must be made available to APHIS upon request. The Act is enforced by USDA , APHIS, Animal Care. vehicles.For purposes of this Act, animal welfare pertains to the physical and psychological well-being of animals. (3) Records of any exemptions must be maintained by the dealer or exhibitor and must be made available to USDA officials upon request. (b) Any carrier or intermediate handler shall only accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any marine mammal in a primary enclosure which conforms to the requirements set forth in section 3.113 of the standards:Provided, however,That any carrier or intermediate handler may accept for transport, in commerce, any marine mammal . if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate, signed by the consignor, stating that the primary enclosure complies with section 3.113 of the standards, unless such primary enclosure is obviously defective or damaged and it is apparent that it cannot reasonably be expected to contain the marine mammal without causing suffering or injury to such marine mammal. (Sect.2.75 (a) (b)). According to poet and philosopher, Sri Aurobindo, Life is lifewhether in a cat, or dog or man. Section 3.112 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. mal Welfare act 2006. Generally, Animal Care (AC) ensures regulatory compliance with the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) primarily through the use of inspections. 3.35 (c)). (b) Unless otherwise specified, the records required to be kept and maintained under this part shall be held for one year after an animal is euthanized or disposed of and for any period in excess of one year as necessary to comply with any applicable Federal, State, or local law. 2. (Sect.2.125). (Sect. (b) Any dealer or exhibitor offering a nonhuman primate to a carrier or intermediate handler for transportation in commerce must securely attach to the outside of the primary enclosure used for transporting the nonhuman primate, written instructions for a 24 hour period for the in-transit food and water requirements of the nonhuman primate(s) contained in the enclosure. Advancement of animal nutrition research. (Sect. 3.89 (a)). Most livestock production industries in the United States have developed and implemented science-based animal care guidelines. Animal care and welfare Legislation, Standards & Guidelines and information on animal care and welfare. (3) Daily observation of all animals is required to assess their health and well-being. (Sect. Alternative testing methods. Accordingly, you may wish to contact the appropriate state and local authorities such as Animal Control or your state's Department of Agriculture. Exposure of humans to risky substances or possibly hazardous materials will also be cut down, preventing diseases and other side effects. Sections. (Sect. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) requires wholesale breeders and dealers who supply animalsto pet stores, brokers, or research facilities to be licensed with USDA. Section 3.35 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. The requirements of the Animal Welfare Act are set forth under the Regulations and Standards in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). 2.2). The certificate shall include the information required in section 3.60 (b)(1)-(4). F or centuries, humans have used animals for food, clothing, companionship, and other purposes. (Sect. The government can change the consumption behavior of the consumers and the production process of livestock by intervening the market using a carrot approach so that the price system will lead the society to an efficient outcome of animal welfare. A lock ( LockLocked padlock icon ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. They are susceptible to many of the same health problems, and they have short life cycles so they can easily be studied throughout their whole life span or across or several generations. The AWAHDC contains U.S. Government publications related to the AWA that fall into three categories: legislative history, regulatory history, and USDA publications. The termanimalmeans any live or dead dog, cat, monkey (nonhuman primate mammal), guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, or such other warm-blooded animal, as the Secretary may determine is being used, or is intended for use, for research, testing, experimentation, or exhibition purposes, or as a pet; but such term excludes (1) birds, rats of the genus Rattus, and mice of the genus Mus, bred for use in research, (2) horses not used for research purposes, and (3) other farm animals, such as, but not limited to livestock or poultry, used or intended for use as food or fiber, or livestock or poultry used or intended for use for improving animal nutrition, breeding, management, or production efficiency, or for improving the quality of food or fiber. Section 3.16 Food and water requirements. (c) A class "C" exhibitor shall identify live dogs and cats as indicated in section 2.50 (c). The process described is that of animal experimentation, the act of performing experiments on an animal that can deliberately cause the animal suffering and even death. The use of animal testing has increased, due to its many necessary benefits, such as: helping form vaccinations and uncovering new diseases in the specific species being tested on (AALAS). The records shall be in accordance with sections 2.75 and 2.76 unless the animals are lost or stray. View. The model has a number of advantages which include the following: the systematic identification of a wide range of impacts associated with a variety of control tools; the production of relative rankings of tools in terms of their welfare impacts; the easy incorporation of new information into assessments; and the highlighting of additional 2. (Sect. Nature has a very delicate system that will cause a chain reaction if disturbed. Cattle live healthier, happier and more active lives. (g) Primary enclosures used to transport live guinea pigs or hamsters shall be clearly marked on top and on one or more sides with the words "Live Animals" in letters not less than 1 inch in height and with arrows or other markings to indicate the correct upright position of the container. 2.1 (a)(2)). Due to events like these, people all over the world are wondering if the use of animals for entertainment includes the awful act of animal cruelty. (b) Any person who is licensed must file an application for a license renewal and an annual report form and pay the required fees, on or before the expiration date of the present license or the license will automatically terminate on its anniversary date. 3.36 (h)). Section 3.89 Food and water requirements. Food and water instructions must be attached in accordance with section 3.13 (c). Every day, thousands of animals are subjected to cruel, inhumane treatment. Persuasive Speech Animal Testing 1084 Words | 5 Pages Welfare Act, 2 J. Match. Breeders and dealers are required to meet the minimum standards of humaneanimalcare and treatment established by the AWA. (Sect. Save animal lives Testing and experiments done on animals are not always reliable in certain situations. The plan must include written standard procedure s to be followed in providing the opportunity for exercise. (Sect.3.8). (Sect. However, this term excludes any study that involves an invasive procedure, harms, or materially alters the behavior of an animal under study. (Sect.2.40 (a)(3)). This effectively makes the use of animals as research subjects, for entertainment, clothing, food, and as beasts of burden prohibited. The quality of water and air were maintained with the existence of essential life forms. Then again, if animals are hurt or killed because of human activities, our planets ecosystem will be damaged and will lead to destruction of all humans and non-human animals. Test. Once a farmer is enrolled, animal welfare audits are conducted to ensure the certification program's standards are being met. Select "list of persons licensed or registered under the Animal Welfare Act". In the Unites States, there are plenty of organizations that uphold animal rights and where volunteers can join in to offer support. These requirements are found in Title 9 CFR, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2, and 3. To find USDA-licensed dog breeders, go tothe USDAAnimal Care Public Search Tool. The animals which are in testing facilities are fully vaccinated, provided food, water, and shelter, while being able to have a limited amount of . Intensive farming is less ethical than free range farming due to poorer animal welfare. However, the Animal Welfare Act is the only . 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